Ukrainian Antarctic Journal

No 2 (2021): Ukrainian Antarctic Journal
Articles

Immune factors and health of Antarctic explorers

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  • D. Zabara,
  • I. Kozeretska,
  • I. Deineko,
  • Ya. Anoshko,
  • N. Shapovalenko,
  • L. Stamboli,
  • B. Dons’koi
D. Zabara
Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
I. Kozeretska
State Institution National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
I. Deineko
State Institution National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
Ya. Anoshko
Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
N. Shapovalenko
Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
L. Stamboli
Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
B. Dons’koi
Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2.2021.680
Published December 31, 2021
Keywords
  • Antarctic expedition,
  • immune accentuations,
  • NK lymphocytes,
  • NK cytotoxicity,
  • prognostic factors
How to Cite
Zabara, D., Kozeretska, I., Deineko, I., Anoshko, Y., Shapovalenko, N., Stamboli, L., & Dons’koi, B. (2021). Immune factors and health of Antarctic explorers. Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, (2), 94-105. https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2.2021.680

Copyright (c) 2021 Ukrainian Antarctic journal

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The immune system plays a major role in human homeostasis, yet a body’s unique individuality complicates the diagnostic forecasting of unfavourable physiological states and diseases. Studying the immunophenotypic features of winterers of the Ukrainian Antarctic Expeditions before, during, and after their assignments might shed some light on the possible place of immune accentuations in the development of certain physiological states. To determine the natural-killer (NK) cytotoxicity and the immunophenotype in 52 applicants who wanted to take part in an expedition and nine participants who had come back, we used flow cytofluorometry. Blood serum samples taken before, during, and after the expeditions were also tested for hormones, anti-infective, anti-parasitic, and autoimmune antibodies. The high absolute and relative numbers of NK lymphocytes, high NK cytotoxicity, and high expression of HLA-DR on the CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes were correlated with a person’s unfavorable health status during the expedition. In Antarctica, cortisol levels sharply increased, yet they normalized upon return. In most winterers, there were no significant health complications during the expeditions. Neither reactivated nor primary viral infections were registered, as well as clinical autoimmune ones. Upon return, the winterers had significantly lower leukocytes and lymphocytes and increased expression of activation markers (HLA-DR) on the T-cells. The found risk factors can characterize the polar researchers’ immunophenotypes yet require validation on larger samples. The expedition environment causes increased stress, entailing, however, neither clinical manifestations nor elements of immunosuppression. The polar researchers bear the consequences of the prolonged stress that inhibit leucopoiesis as late as six months after their return, which should be considered while reviewing applications for the next season.

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