Ukrainian Antarctic Journal

No 1 (2020): Ukrainian Antarctic Journal
Articles

Doppler vertical sounding of the ionosphere at the Akademik Vernadsky station

A. Zalizovski
Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine; Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 00-716, Poland; State Institution National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
O. Koloskov
Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine; State Institution National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
A. Kashcheyev
University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B5A3, Canada
S. Kashcheyev
Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
Y. Yampolski
Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
O. Charkina
Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
Published July 7, 2020
Keywords
  • ionosphere,
  • Doppler sounding,
  • ionogram,
  • median value,
  • height-time diagram,
  • travelling ionospheric disturbances
  • ...More
    Less
How to Cite
Zalizovski, A., Koloskov, O., Kashcheyev, A., Kashcheyev, S., Yampolski, Y., & Charkina, O. (2020). Doppler vertical sounding of the ionosphere at the Akademik Vernadsky station. Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, (1), 56-68. https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.1.2020.379

Abstract

The paper aims at providing the technical information about Doppler vertical sounding of the ionosphere that started at the Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station since 2017; developing the technique for processing and visualization of data of vertical sounding of the ionosphere in the form of height-time diagrams of median values of ionospheric parameters; demonstrating the capabilities of this technique using the results obtained during the first year of observations, namely the background variations of ionospheric parameters as well as examples of observations of travelling ionospheric disturbances (TID). The methods used in the paper are the following: the vertical sounding of the ionosphere using the IPS-42 ionosonde operating at Akademik Vernadsky station since 1982; Doppler vertical sounding of the ionosphere by the portable ionosonde developed and manufactured in collaboration between the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) and Institute of Radio Astronomy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IRA NASU); calculating the height-time diagrams of ionospheric parameters obtained using the data of both ionosondes; and original technique for estimating the median height-time diagrams as background monthly averaged characteristics of the ionosphere. Seasonal and diurnal variations of plasma frequencies, vertical plasma velocities, as well as the signal-to-noise ratio and the probability of the registration of signals are shown using the median height-time diagrams of the corresponding parameters for the first year of synchronous observations by the two ionosondes. The features and potential areas of application of median ionospheric height-time diagrams are discussed. They can be used to calculate automatically variations of maximum usable frequency for a radio link of the specified length. Examples of TID registrations in variations of virtual heights of reflection and Doppler frequency shifts (DFS) of the signals are presented. It is shown that the comparison of TID manifestations in variations of virtual heights and DFS can be used to select a more appropriate model of TID among the models of perfectly reflecting moving surface or three-dimensional plasma density waves traveling through a real ionospheric layer. It could be concluded that simultaneous operation of two ionosondes at the Akademik Vernadsky station has allowed to significantly expand the amount and quality of objective information about the ionospheric behavior over the Antarctic Peninsula.

References

  1. Beynon, W.J.G., Minnis, C.M.: Tables of IGY Monthly Median Ionospheric Data, Part I., in: Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 13, Elsevier Ltd, Amsterdam, 1961.
  2. Beley, V.S., Galushko, V.G., Yampolski, Y.M.: Traveling ionospheric disturbance diagnostics using HF signal trajectory parameter variations, Radio Science, 30 (6), 1739-1752, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1029/95RS01992
  3. Bellchambers, W.H., Piggott, W.R.: Ionospheric Measurements Made at Halley Bay, Nature, 182, 1596-1597, 1958. https://doi.org/10.1038/1821596a0
  4. Bezvesilniy, O.O., Peters, G., Vavriv, D.M.: Estimating Cloud and Rain Parameters from Doppler Radar Data. Radio Physics and Radio Astronomy, 8 (3), 296-302, 2003.
  5. Davies, K.: Ionospheric Radio (Electromagnetic Waves) Book 31, Peter Peregrinus Ltd, The Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1049/PBEW031E
  6. Diettrich, J.C., Nott, G.J., Espy, P.J., Swenson, G.R., Chu, X., Taylor, M.J, Riggin, D.M, Fritts, D.C.: High frequency atmospheric gravity-wave properties using Fe-lidar and OH-imager observations, Geophysical Research Letters, 32 (9), L09801, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021944
  7. Galushko, V.G., Kashcheyev, A.S, Kashcheyev, S.B, Koloskov, A.V., Pikulik, I.I., Yampolski, Y.M., Litvinоv, V.A., Milinevsky, G.P., Rakusa-Suszczewski, S.: Bistatic HF diagnostics of TIDs over the Antarctic Peninsula, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 69 (4-5), 403-410, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2006.05.010
  8. Galushko, V.G., Kashcheev, A.S., Paznukhov, V.V, Yampolski, Yu.M., Reinisch, B.W.: Frequency-and-angular sounding of traveling ionospheric disturbances in the model of three-dimensional electron density waves, Radio Science, 43 (4), RS4013, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007RS003735
  9. Haldoupis, C., Meek, C., Christakis, N., Pancheva, D., Bourdillon, A.: Ionogram height-time-intensity observations of descending sporadic E layers at mid-latitude, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 68 (3-5), 539-557, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2005.03.020
  10. Kohl, H., King, J. W.: Atmospheric winds between 100 and 700 km and their effects on the ionosphere, Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 29 (9), 1045-1062, 1967. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(67)90139-0
  11. Lee, C-C., Liu, J-Y., Pan, C-J., Hsu, H-H.: The intermediate layers and associated tidal motions observed by a digisonde in the equatorial anomaly region, Annales Geophysicae, 21 (4), 1039-1045, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1039-2003
  12. Mitchell, N.J, Howells, V.St.C.: Vertical velocities associated with gravity waves measured in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere with the EISCAT VHF radar, Annales Geophysicae, 16, 1367-1379, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-1367-0
  13. Morris, A.: Design of a flexible and low-power ionospheric sounder, Thesis (M.S.) University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, 133, 2014.
  14. Negrea, C., Zabotin, N., Bullett, T., Fuller-Rowell, T., Fang, T-W., Codrescu, M.: Characteristics of acoustic gravity waves obtained from Dynasonde data, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 121 (4), 3665-3680, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022495
  15. Paznukhov, V., Groves, K., Kraemer, K., Yampolski, Y., Kashcheyev, A., Sopin, A., Kashcheyev, S., Zalizovsky, A. First results of bistatic HF observations of ionospheric irregularities in Antarctic Peninsula region, in: Proceedings of the XXXII and International Union of Radio Science (URSI) General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, Montreal, 19-26 August 2017, G35P-6, 2017.
  16. Reinisch, B.W., Galkin, I.A., Khmyrov, G.M., Kozlov, A.V., Bibl, K., Lisysyan, I.A., Cheney, G.P., Huang, X., Kitrosser, D.F, Paznukhov, V.V., Grochmal, J.: The digisonde portable sounder - DPS. Technical manual, Version 4.3, University of Massachusetts Lowell Center for Atmospheric Research, Massachusetts, 404, 2007.
  17. Reinisch, B., Galkin I, Belehaki A, Paznukhov, V., Huang, X., Altadill, D., Buresova, D., Mielich. J., Verhulst, T., Stankov, S, Ishii, M.: Pilot Ionosonde Network for Identification of Traveling Ionospheric disturbances, Radio Science, 53 (3), 365-378, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017RS006263
  18. Zalizovskii, A.V., Galushko, V.G., Kashcheev, A.S., Koloskov, A.V., Yampolski, Yu.M., Egorov, I.B., Popov, A.V.: Doppler Selection of HF Radiosignals on Long Paths, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 47, 636-646, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1134/S001679320705012X
  19. Zalizovski, A.V.: The role of the ozonosphere in the interaction between atmospheric layers as deduced from observation at the Antarctic Base "Akademik Vernadsky". International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32 (11), 3187-3197, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.541511
  20. Zalizovski, A.V., Koloskov, A.V., Yampolski, Y.M.: Studying in Antarctica the time-frequency characteristics of HF signals at the long radio paths, Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, 14, 124-137, 2015 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.14.2015.181
  21. Zalizovski, A.V., Kashcheyev, A.S., Kashcheyev, S.B., Koloskov, A.V., Lisachenko, V.N., Paznukhov, V.V., Pikulik, I.I., Sopin, A.A., Yampolski, Yu.M.: A prototype of a portable coherent ionosonde, Space Science and Technology, 24 (3), 10-22, 2018.